Carbon neutrality mission: India’s clean energy future hinges on access to critical minerals

India is moving fast on clean energy. Solar capacity is rising, electric vehicle (EV) sales are climbing and green hydrogen is now part of official strategy. But beneath this momentum sits a less visible constraint in the form of the materials required to build this future. Without reliable access to lithium, cobalt, nickel, copper and rare earth elements, India’s energy transition risks slowing down.